Nonlinear Analyses with ProtaStructure
- OpenSees Integration
What is OpenSees?
The Open System for Earthquake Engineering Simulation
(OpenSees) is a software framework for simulating the seismic response
of structural and geotechnical systems. OpenSees has been developed as the
computational platform for research in performance-based earthquake engineering
at the Pacific Earthquake Engineering
Research Center.
OpenSees has advanced capabilities for modeling and
analyzing the nonlinear response of systems using a wide range of material
models, elements, and solution algorithms. The software is designed for parallel
computing to allow scalable simulations on high-end computers or for parameter
studies.
OpenSees provides
beam-column elements and continuum elements for structural and geotechnical
models. A wide range of uniaxial materials and section models are available for
beam-columns.
Nonlinear analysis
requires a wide range of algorithms and solution methods. OpenSees provides
nonlinear static and dynamic methods, equation solvers, and methods for
handling constraints.
OpenSees is open-source. The open-source movement
allows earthquake engineering researchers and users to build upon each others
accomplishments using OpenSees as community-based software.
(Source: https://opensees.berkeley.edu/OpenSees/home/about.php)
Automatic Transfer of Analysis Model
and Nonlinear Material Properties
ProtaStructure analytical model is communicated to OpenSees via TCL files.
In addition to the detailed analytical model, nonlinear material properties are
also automatically calculated and added on top of this model. The entire
structure is then ready for performance analysis.
Nonlinear Fiber Analysis of
Sections
Column, beam, and Wall sections can be modeled with fiber elements and
analyzed with state-of-the-art numerical techniques to derive the
Moment-Curvature relationships. Confined and unconfined concrete regions can be
specified. Strain hardening is taken into consideration. For more accurate
analysis, you can create the fiber mesh around rebars.
For column and wall members, a ‘Finite Length Hinge Zone’ model with
6 integration points is used. Shearwall members are modeled with a distributed
plasticity model, again with 6 integration points. Force-deformation
relationships for integration points are obtained from fiber section analysis.
Nonlinear Static Pushover
Single Mode Static Pushover analysis is performed using ProtaStructure -
OpenSees integration. Plasticity models are used as described above.
Parameters such as the number of steps and target displacements can be
controlled by the user.
After the analysis, the Capacity Curve is obtained. Users can specify the
monitored node for which the curve will be generated. Results can be examined
at any desired step. A detailed performance assessment report is
generated after.
Nonlinear Time-History Analysis
A nonlinear Time-History analysis can be performed using ProtaStructure -
OpenSees integration. Plasticity models are used as described above.
A set of multiple ground motions can be applied simultaneously in X and Y
directions. As specified by the earthquake codes, the ground motion application
direction is rotated by 90 degrees, and analyses are repeated. The selection of
suitable ground motions is up to the user. Parameters like fault mechanism,
soil properties, magnitude are of importance.
The selected ground motion records are automatically scaled by
ProtaStructure using the simple scaling method between 0.2T and 1.5T.
The analysis results from multiple ground motion sets are automatically
post-processed. The average values of absolute maximum responses are extracted
and used in performance assessment.
A detailed performance assessment report is presented. Additionally, the
analysis results for a specific ground motion at a specific time-step can be
looked up by the user.
New 64-bit Analysis Post-Processor
(Beta)
The new 64-bit analysis post-processor is now included as a beta version. The
existing post-processor is still accessible. New APP provides significantly
better performance with the help of the latest graphics technologies and
methodologies. Displacement animations, diagrams and contouring are now much
faster.
New 64-bit Analysis Model Creation and Analysis
ProtaStructure now supports 64-bit architecture for analysis
model creation and analysis operations. Hence, significant memory
usage and performance enhancements are provided.
Steel Trusses: New
Features and Improvements
Bottom Chords
Perpendicular to Supports
A new option is added for trusses with sloping bottom chords. “Make
Bottom Chord Perpendicular to Support” option can be preferred for ease of
constructability.
Slope Angle for Top Chords
In addition to Left Heel, Right Heel, and Apex Height, top chord
inclination can also be defined with Slope Angles. For example, if the roof slope
is known as a percentage, say A%, the angle can be calculated by the
formula arctan(A/100). After Apex Height is specified, Left and Right
Heel heights are automatically calculated using the given angle. Activate “Enter
Left Heel by Angle” or “Enter Right Heel by Angle” options to use
this feature.
Inverted Truss Types
All truss types now support an “Invert Truss” option.
Specifying Heel Height for Curved
Trusses
Left and Right Heel Height can now be specified for curved
trusses.
Trusses with Different Number
of Joints and Spans
Purlins can now be inserted on trusses with different spans and a number of
joints. The shorter truss governs the purlin layout.
Inserting Purlins on Bottom Chords
A new option now allows purlins to be inserted on truss bottom chords.
A New Truss Type
A frequently uses “Scissors” type truss with different Left Heel, Right
Heel, and Apex Height can now be inserted.
Delete First and Last Verticals
The deletion of first and last verticals is now an option rather than an
operation. If this option is checked, the first and last vertical members are
never generated in case of any parameter change. Additionally, if truss
placement is set to “Top Chord”, then first and last verticals are
automatically deleted for convenience.
Divide Cross-Diagonal Members
In order to easily insert gusset plate connections on cross-diagonal
members, the “Divide Cross-Diagonal Frames” option is introduced.
Performance enhancements are made so that modeling is now faster up to 6
folds especially for buildings with large floor plans.
Improvements in Steel Beam and
Truss Design
Significant improvements are made in buckling length calculations of steel
beams, top and bottom chords. Detection of connecting members such as
horizontal braces, purlins and beams are significantly enhanced. Additionally,
a new option is introduced to consider the effect of purlins on beam buckling
length calculations.
New Options in Retaining Wall
Stability Checks
New options are introduced to consider the weights of wall stem, base plate,
and backfill in dynamic stability checks. You can access these settings in Analysis
Settings > Dynamic Effects of Self Weights
ProtaSteel: Haunch Connection
Design Report
The most frequently used moment connection now supports a detailed design
report.
ProtaSteel: 2D Fitting Macro
2D Fitting macro creates a cut object from the selected plane to the
selected end of a profile. For detailed information on this macro, please watch https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YYw7b_1RYPI
ProtaSteel: Automated Dimensioning
of Axis in General Arrangement Drawings
Floor plans which are automatically transferred from ProtaStructure are now
automatically dimensioned in general arrangement drawings.
ProtaSteel: Automated Leaders and
Annotation of Connection Details
Typical connection details in general arrangement drawings are now
automatically annotated, and a leader is automatically placed on the view.
ProtaSteel: End Release Display in
General Arrangement Drawings
Members with end releases can now be indicated in general arrangement
drawings.
ProtaSteel: Improvements in Sheet
and Drawings Module
· Rotation functionality is introduced for Text and TextType2 objects.
· Coordinate system option is introduced for Regions
· Underline, and leaders are added to Generic Solid label text.
· Viewport names can now occupy 2 lines.
· Section marker is preserved when Section Symbol object is
exploded.
ProtaStructure Fixes and Enhancements
[PS-2974], [PS-4645] – Purlin insertion is enhanced
for irregular roof planes.
[PS-3281] – Enhancements are made in the display of analysis
results on the floor plan.
[PS-3413] – Utilization ratio text in truss design UI were
overlapping with each other. Fixed.
[PS-3469], [PS-4632] – Sag rod placement is improved.
[PS-3554] – Punching perimeter
calculation for edge walls is improved.
[PS-3931], [PS-4595], [PS-4985], [PS-4987], [PS-5155],
[PS-5063] – Enhancements are made in post-analysis checks for UBC,
NSCP, IBC and SNI earthquake codes.
[PS-4552] – Improvements are made in purlin insertions between a
truss and a beam.
[PS-4667], [PS-4984], [PS-5114], [PS-5124], [PS-5115],
[PS-5169], [PS-5240] – Stability improvements are made in column reinforcement
design and report creation.
[PS-4725], [PS-4830], [PS-4967] – Improvements are made in wall
merging (corewalls)
[PS-4788], [PS-5207], [PS-5262] – Stability
improvements are made in FE Raft foundation design.
[PS-4795], [PS-4991], [PS-5040], [PS-5041], [PS-5042],
[PS-5079] – Translation mistakes are fixed.
[PS-4833] – Deflection diagrams
of Purlin/Girt and Truss members are significantly improved.
[PS-4846] – Spacing of 2UNP twin profiles are now
better transferred to ProtaSteel.
[PS-4848] – Improvements are made in splice definitions in steel
profiles.
[PS-4851], [PS-5014], [PS-5302] – Stability improvements are
made in beam reinforcement design and report creation.
[PS-4864], [PS-4961], [PS-4963] – Wall Opening Editor does
not allow insertion of a second hole. Fixed.
[PS-4903], [PS-4970], [PS-5071], [PS-5278] – Stability
improvements and enhancements are made in physical modeling and graphical
editor.
[PS-4912], [PS-4914] – Stability improvements are
made in Visual Interrogation.
[PS-4915], [PS-4917], [PS-4978], [PS-4981], [PS-5107],
[PS-5113], [PS-5133] – Stability improvements are made in Polyline Column
Editor.
[PS-4933], [PS-4958], [PS-4959], [PS-5000] – Stability
improvements are made in steel member design and report creation.
[PS-4942] – Overlapping members are created in some of the truss
types. Fixed.
[PS-4944] – Stability improvements are made in the creation and
load distribution of fully circular slabs.
[PS-4960], [PS-4976], [PS-5002], [PS-5017], [PS-5122],
[PS-5266] – Stability and performance improvements are made in analytical
model creation and analysis process.
[PS-4988], [PS-5053], [PS-5202] – Stability and performance
improvements are made in construction stage analysis.
[PS-5016] – Jagged view of beam wall loads on plan view is fixed.
[PS-5029], [PS-5064], [PS-5168], [PS-5238], [PS-5248], [PS-5250],
[PS-5136] – Performance and
stability improvements are made in Yield-line load decomposition.
[PS-5048] – Stability improvements and enhancements are made in
pile cap design.
[PS-5050] – Stability improvements and enhancements are made in
model-merging functionality.
[PS-5154] – End release conditions of curved trusses are improved.
[PS-5225] – Enhancements are done in the axial load comparison
report.
[PS-5294] – Stability improvements are made in ProtaSteel
communication.
[PS-5301] – Enhancements are made in the Steel profile database.
ProtaDetails Fixes and Enhancements
[PD-1241], [PD-1317] – Improvements are made in
tie-bar calculations.
[PD-1261], [PD-1305], [PD-1311] – Grouping of similar columns is
improved in Column Schedule drawings.
[PD-1289], [PD-1302] – Stability improvements and
enhancements are made in beam elevation drawings.
[PD-1312] – "Cannot Load Command From DLL" message is
prevented when no drawing is opened.
[PD-1327] – Beam setting for overriding lap splices is activated
for detail drawings.
[PD-1328] – Stability improvements and enhancements are made in
corewall detail drawings.
[PD-1330] – ProtaStructure foundation settings are not reflected in
ProtaDetails. Fixed.
[PD-1340] – Pile cap details are now better organized on the
sheets.
[PD-1341] – Stability improvements and enhancements in Corbel
design.
[PD-1343] – Lap splice dimensions are not drawn on beam elevations.
Fixed.
[PD-1347] – Bar spacing in pad footing macro does not match with
detail drawing. Fixed.
[PD-1351] – Ribbed slab plan section drawings are improved.
[PD-1353] – Stability improvement made in floor plan drawings.
[PD-1358] – Enhancement made in dimensioning of Wall openings.
[PD-1360] – Column rebar bob drawings are enhanced.
ProtaSteel Fixes and Improvements
[PSTEEL-48] – Intelliconnect issues
critical error in some situations. Fixed.
[PSTEEL-75] – Stability improvement made in
Haunch connection regarding stiffener creation.
[PSTEEL-182] – Stability improvement is
made in the Truss Seating Connection macro.
[PSTEEL-235] – Stability improvement is
made in the Flange Plate Connection design report regarding bolt positioning.
[PSTEEL-236] – View filter settings are not
transferred to the drawing module. Fixed.
[PSTEEL-239] – Welded gusset plate
connection is not working in truss cantilevers top chord.
[PSTEEL-240] – Stability improvement is
made in Steel Beam – RC Wall connection macro.
[PSTEEL-256] – User feedback is fixed
regarding NC file creation for Pipe sections.
[PSTEEL-261] – Tooltip information is reorganized in purlin connection
macro.
Several stability and performance improvements are made in the Drawing
Module.